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An artificial lung (AL) is a prosthetic device that provides oxygenation of blood and removal of carbon dioxide from blood. The AL is intended to take over some of the functionality of biological lungs. It is different from a heart-lung machine in that it is internal and designed to take over the functions of the lungs for long periods of time rather than on a temporary basis. The heart lung machine inspired the design of AL devices, however modern ALs are optimized to minimize patient trauma. Following the development of the heart lung machine, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) was developed. This was intended to be used as a bridge to lung transplant (BTT), for patients too sick to wait until a donor lung was available. Mechanical Ventilation (MV) has also been used, however is damaging to the patients lungs if used for extended periods of time. Both these therapies are expensive and are associated with poor quality of life, in part due to patient immobility and the complex blood circuit. Recent developments include simplifying the ECMO system, and devices that use 380 micron wide hollow fibers to simulate the function of alveoli have been developed. Several research groups, notably, the University of Pittsburgh,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wearable Artificial Lung to Be Developed at Pitt Through $3.4 Million Grant )〕 University of Michigan, University of Maryland and Boston based groups are developing AL devices to bridge patients to lung transplant.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Artificial lung mimics real organ’s design and efficiency - think:blog )〕 ==See also== *Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation *Heart-lung machine *Lung transplantation *Medical ventilator 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Artificial lung」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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